Which processes are involved in the central dogma?

Which processes are involved in the central dogma?

• A. Replication and transcription.
• B. Transcription and translation.
• C. Translation and replication.
• D. Transcription and replication.

Answer: (B)

The idea being tested is how genetic information is used to make a protein. The central dogma describes a flow: information stored in DNA is first transcribed into RNA, and then that RNA is translated into a protein. Transcription converts DNA sequences into messenger RNA, while translation reads that RNA and assembles the corresponding amino acids into a polypeptide. Replication, while crucial for copying DNA for cell division, does not produce an RNA or protein product from a DNA template, so it isn’t part of the information transfer pathway that builds proteins. That’s why transcription and translation are the processes involved.

The idea being tested is how genetic information is used to make a protein. The central dogma describes a flow: information stored in DNA is first transcribed into RNA, and then that RNA is translated into a protein. Transcription converts DNA sequences into messenger RNA, while translation reads that RNA and assembles the corresponding amino acids into a polypeptide. Replication, while crucial for copying DNA for cell division, does not produce an RNA or protein product from a DNA template, so it isn’t part of the information transfer pathway that builds proteins. That’s why transcription and translation are the processes involved.